This blog was authored by Vice-Chancellor, Peter Horrocks, and originally published on Universities UK
We are at a rare moment in politics where the concerns of students have been thrust to the forefront of national debate
Vice-Chancellor of The Open University, Peter Horrocks
I welcome the prime minister’s review of university funding because, amid the sound and fury of party politics, the real casualty of the 2012 higher education shake-up has gone largely unnoticed – the impact on the economy and society of the decline in mature and part-time learners.
It is no exaggeration to say that “earning while learning” is in crisis in England. The roots lie in Labour’s reforms but the accelerator was the UK coalition government’s decision to slash grants and treble student tuition fees. In the past six years numbers of new part-time students in England have fallen by an extraordinary 56 per cent.
Overall decline in disadvantaged students entering Higher Education
I was impressed by some of the arguments made by Theresa May in her Conservative conference speech, but I disagree with her on where the focus of funding reform should be.
Mrs May said the State should intervene where the free market was “broken”. Yes. And she said that students are required to “take on a huge amount of debt”. Yes.
But the market that is most clearly broken is part-time and adult learning in England, not that for younger full-time students, which is booming. And the students who have been most deterred from study by that huge potential debt are not “young students” whom the prime minister championed, but older, especially disadvantaged students.
Figures for full-time students from disadvantaged backgrounds going to university have risen by a welcome 7 per cent since higher fees. But that increase is dwarfed by a simultaneous 47 per cent fall in part-time students from those same areas. So the overall number from deprived areas entering higher education in England is down 15 per cent on 2011/2012.
If Jeremy Corbyn had been more precise in his election campaign claims, fact checkers and Conservative critics might have found it more difficult to attack him.
Jeremy, don’t say “higher fees have put young people from deprived backgrounds off studying at university”; do say “higher fees have put people from deprived backgrounds off studying at university”.
“High fees and inflexible loans a major barrier”
The reasons for the decline are easy to understand if you know part-time students. They are not a homogenous group. They are people in work, with family responsibilities, mortgages and competing demands on their time; many have disabilities which mean they can only study through part-time distance learning.
Or they are people in work who want a new high quality skill to improve their circumstances. But they can’t get a government loan for a short course and can’t afford to fund themselves. People like these think far harder than younger students before taking on debt, so high fees and inflexible loans rules are a major barrier.
Disparity between the Nations
The clearest evidence that affordability has hit the English part-time market comes from Scotland, which has not experienced the same funding changes. There, Open University (OU) student numbers have been stable, while England’s have plummeted – the OU has more than twice the number of students per head of population in Scotland than in England. That means Scotland’s businesses get better access to workers who have improved their skills than those in England.
No wonder that business leaders from the Confederation of British Industry (CBI), the Institute of Directors (IoD) and the British Chambers of Commerce have all told me they are desperate to tackle the skills of the existing workforce, including through part-time higher education study.
“There should be no political embarrassment in fixing a system that is broken”
So why, given the clear business need to let workers earn and learn, is the political will to tackle this lagging? Partly, this is because too many politicians and commentators are conditioned by their own experience of full-time university. But, even after the fall in part-time, only 42 per cent of higher education study in England involves 18 and 19 year-olds studying full-time.
There should be no political embarrassment in fixing a system that is broken and there should be minimal political cost for changing tack on this aspect.
There is no shortage of potential solutions. The Taylor Review, Bright Blue, Higher Education Policy Institute, Universities UK, University Alliance, Learning and Work Institute, Association of Colleges, National Union of Students (NUS), the CBI, IoD and the HE Commission – to name a few – have produced a torrent of practical and cost-effective suggestions. In coming weeks the OU will be co-operating with business, the NUS, FE colleges and other higher education institutions committed to part-time study to develop and promote these ideas to the funding review. If you’d like to get involved, please contact me.
This article was originally published on Universities UK.
